Armed protests in Libya threatening safety in capital

TRIPOLI (Reuters) - Armed protests targeting Libya's ministries and media in the capital this week have alarmed international observers who say deteriorating security conditions are becoming a matter of serious concern.

Reporters without Borders said there was cause for "grave concern about recent violent attacks on Libyan journalists, whose safety conditions are deteriorating drastically" and called on the government to act.

Gunmen in heavily armed vehicles remained in control of Libya's Foreign Ministry for a fourth day on Wednesday, while the Justice Ministry was similarly surrounded on Tuesday and other institutions including the media have been targeted.

Recent attacks included the detention and beating of a correspondent for Al-Arabiya, who was led away from the Foreign Ministry protest and held for several hours. In another example, an employee of an international news outlet was forced out of his car on Tuesday and threatened with a gun.

The national television network was also stormed earlier this week, while several other journalists have reported being held, threatened or abused while covering the protests.

The armed groups - who say they are protesting peacefully - are calling for Libya's congress to pass a law banning officials who worked for deposed leader Muammar Gaddafi from senior government posts.

The assaults were a focus for speakers at an advocacy event held for World Press Freedom day in Libya on Wednesday and UNESCO representatives said they hoped it would help yield a framework within which the media could operate safely and professionally.

"Freedom is not just being able to say whatever you want, but being able to say it in a professional way," said Lodovico Folin Calabi, the head of the UNESCO office in Libya.

The prime minister appeared in public earlier this week to say the government would not be discouraged, but no further statements have since emerged from his office.

On Tuesday night, after the Justice Ministry was surrounded, the minister told a news conference he tried without success to negotiate with the armed groups, adding they presented a "real problem" but the state would not use force on its own people.

Protests this week have also forced congress to postpone its next sitting from Tuesday to Sunday, to give lawmakers time to consider the legislation that protesters want, a spokesman said.

Depending on the wording agreed, the so-called "political isolation law" could force out a number of senior officials from office, including the congress leader and potentially the prime minister himself.

(Reporting by Jessica Donati and Ghaith Shennib; Editing by Michael Roddy)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/armed-protests-libya-threatening-safety-capital-170808787.html

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Children with milk allergy may be 'allergic to school'

Public release date: 2-May-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Christine Westendorf
ChristineWestendorf@acaai.org
847-427-1200
American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology

Chalk dust can contain milk protein, triggering respiratory symptoms

ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, ILL. (May 2, 2013) Many of today's school teachers opt for dustless chalk to keep hands and classrooms clean. But according to a study published in the May issue of Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, the scientific journal of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI), this choice in chalk may cause allergy and asthma symptoms in students that have a milk allergy.

Casein, a milk protein, is often used in low-powder chalk. When milk allergic children inhale chalk particles containing casein, life-threatening asthma attacks and other respiratory issues can occur.

"Chalks that are labeled as being anti-dust or dustless still release small particles into the air," said Carlos H. Larramendi, MD, lead study author. "Our research has found when the particles are inhaled by children with milk allergy, coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath can occur. Inhalation can also cause nasal congestion, sneezing and a runny nose."

Milk allergy affects an estimated 300,000 children in the United States, according to the ACAAI. Although it has been believed the majority of children will outgrow milk allergy by age three, recent studies contradict this theory, showing school aged children are still affected. However, 80 percent of children with milk allergy will likely outgrow it by age 16.

"Chalk isn't the only item in a school setting that can be troublesome to milk allergic students," said James Sublett, MD, chair of the ACAAI Indoor Environment Committee. "Milk proteins can also be found in glue, paper, ink, and in other children's lunches."

Even in the wake of whiteboards, overhead projectors and tablets, chalk is a classroom staple that likely won't become extinct anytime soon. Parents with milk allergic children should ask to have their child seated in the back of the classroom where they are less likely to inhale chalk dust, advises Sublett.

"Teachers should be informed about foods and other triggers that might cause health problems for children," said Sublett. "A plan for dealing with allergy and asthma emergencies should also be shared with teachers, coaches and the school nurse. Children should also carry allergist prescribed epinephrine, inhalers or other life-saving medications."

###

If your child is sneezing and wheezing at school, you should see a board-certified allergist for proper testing, diagnosis and treatment. For more information about pediatric allergies and asthma, and to find an allergist, visit http://www.AllergyAndAsthmaRelief.org.

About ACAAI

The ACAAI is a professional medical organization of more than 5,700 allergists-immunologists and allied health professionals, headquartered in Arlington Heights, Ill. The College fosters a culture of collaboration and congeniality in which its members work together and with others toward the common goals of patient care, education, advocacy and research. ACAAI allergists are board-certified physicians trained to diagnose allergies and asthma, administer immunotherapy, and provide patients with the best treatment outcomes. For more information and to find relief, visit http://www.AllergyandAsthmaRelief.org. Join us on Facebook, Pinterest and Twitter.

---

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 2-May-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Christine Westendorf
ChristineWestendorf@acaai.org
847-427-1200
American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology

Chalk dust can contain milk protein, triggering respiratory symptoms

ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, ILL. (May 2, 2013) Many of today's school teachers opt for dustless chalk to keep hands and classrooms clean. But according to a study published in the May issue of Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, the scientific journal of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI), this choice in chalk may cause allergy and asthma symptoms in students that have a milk allergy.

Casein, a milk protein, is often used in low-powder chalk. When milk allergic children inhale chalk particles containing casein, life-threatening asthma attacks and other respiratory issues can occur.

"Chalks that are labeled as being anti-dust or dustless still release small particles into the air," said Carlos H. Larramendi, MD, lead study author. "Our research has found when the particles are inhaled by children with milk allergy, coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath can occur. Inhalation can also cause nasal congestion, sneezing and a runny nose."

Milk allergy affects an estimated 300,000 children in the United States, according to the ACAAI. Although it has been believed the majority of children will outgrow milk allergy by age three, recent studies contradict this theory, showing school aged children are still affected. However, 80 percent of children with milk allergy will likely outgrow it by age 16.

"Chalk isn't the only item in a school setting that can be troublesome to milk allergic students," said James Sublett, MD, chair of the ACAAI Indoor Environment Committee. "Milk proteins can also be found in glue, paper, ink, and in other children's lunches."

Even in the wake of whiteboards, overhead projectors and tablets, chalk is a classroom staple that likely won't become extinct anytime soon. Parents with milk allergic children should ask to have their child seated in the back of the classroom where they are less likely to inhale chalk dust, advises Sublett.

"Teachers should be informed about foods and other triggers that might cause health problems for children," said Sublett. "A plan for dealing with allergy and asthma emergencies should also be shared with teachers, coaches and the school nurse. Children should also carry allergist prescribed epinephrine, inhalers or other life-saving medications."

###

If your child is sneezing and wheezing at school, you should see a board-certified allergist for proper testing, diagnosis and treatment. For more information about pediatric allergies and asthma, and to find an allergist, visit http://www.AllergyAndAsthmaRelief.org.

About ACAAI

The ACAAI is a professional medical organization of more than 5,700 allergists-immunologists and allied health professionals, headquartered in Arlington Heights, Ill. The College fosters a culture of collaboration and congeniality in which its members work together and with others toward the common goals of patient care, education, advocacy and research. ACAAI allergists are board-certified physicians trained to diagnose allergies and asthma, administer immunotherapy, and provide patients with the best treatment outcomes. For more information and to find relief, visit http://www.AllergyandAsthmaRelief.org. Join us on Facebook, Pinterest and Twitter.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-05/acoa-cwm050113.php

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A blueprint for women architects to overcome doubt, discrimination

Women make up almost half the graduating architecture classes, but only 17 percent of architecture-firm leadership. Even as women have made great strides in the field over the last several decades, that disconnect hasn?t gone away.

So a few weeks ago, Harvard architecture students Caroline James and Arielle Assouline-Lichten launched a campaign on Change.org, an online petition platform, which has garnered more than 11,300 signatures. Some of the world?s premier architects have signed it ? including Rem Koolhaas, Jacques Herzog, and Pierre de Meuron.

These signers are petitioning the Pritzker Architecture Prize committee to formally and equally recognize the work of Denise Scott Brown in the 1991 award given exclusively to her male collaborator Robert Venturi. Now in its sixth week, their campaign continues to gain signatures ? including from Mr. Venturi and nine other Pritzker prize winners ? and media attention.

More important, the campaign has raised questions about the challenges facing female architectural designers today ? and how talented women can face them down.

OPINION: 'Architect Barbie' builds a dream home, but her profession needs a makeover

Why would two young female architects take up Ms. Brown?s cause 22 years after the fact? I am inadvertently responsible for setting into motion the events that led to this petition. But I hesitated to write this article because my contribution did not come from a moment of insight or inspired action; it came from a moment of desperation and self-doubt.

A few weeks ago, as a student at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, I came to campus distressed and deflated. I had been working hard on an application for a prestigious fellowship that was due later that day, but was convinced that my proposal wasn't good enough. I felt naive and that my work was that of an amateur.

Looking for absolution and emotional permission to give up, I turned to a classmate, Caroline James. Instead of the kind shoulder I sought, she gave me a challenge and asked, ?Have you ever heard of leaning in??

This is the concept popularized recently by Facebook chief operating office Sheryl Sandberg, who believes that women need to put doubts aside and confidently ?lean in? to positions of leadership, even if they don't feel ready. ?Good is better than perfect,? Caroline told me. ?You may not get it, but you?ll never get it if you don?t apply.?

I instantly felt both shamed and called to action. In the preceding weeks, as graduation approached, time and time again I had heard female colleagues sigh wistfully, reflecting on how they?d love to get a job at some particular dream firm of theirs, but they?d never stand a chance. These are talented women about to earn a degree from one of the most prestigious universities in the world.

While it can be hard to get any job fresh out of school, some of my friends were convinced it wasn?t even worth trying for their top choice firms. I have made it my personal crusade to fight this kind of thinking, but much to my dismay, I found myself in the exact same mindset.

These patterns of self-doubt are culturally ingrained from an early age, and are incredibly pervasive among female designers. I?ve spoken with a number of women about passing up opportunities they shouldn?t have because they worried they were underqualified. I?ve spoken with plenty of others who have realized that they had allowed themselves to play the behind-the-scenes role in a project in which they should have been front and center.

I myself realized that I have been doing a huge amount of invisible ?housework? in the collaborative projects that I?m a part of, working behind the scenes to smooth team dynamics and make sure everyone?s on the same page. This work is vitally important, but it?s neither visible, explicitly valued, or creditable. It sets up my own professional version of the classic ?second shift? many working women face, where they work full-time outside the home but are still responsible for most household and child-rearing duties. In this case, I'm responsible both for a ?full time job? on these projects and the group?s ?family dynamics? and ?housecleaning.?

The everyday patterns of behavior women fall into have insidious and far-reaching consequences. When we undervalue our work and our worth, the people around us don?t see it either. It?s not that professors, firm principals, or the leaders of our field mean to be sexist; it?s that when they think about who should sit on design review juries, who should open the new branch office, or whom they should invite to the panel, they make choices that reflect perceptions and internalized social norms we all uphold.

So what must women, like me, do about our lack of leadership? How can we start to change the long-ingrained patterns that hold us back?

First, we have external work to do, such as calling attention to lower pay for women with the same qualifications or the dearth of women in senior leadership.

But we also have quite a bit of internal work to do, and mere affirmation is not enough. We need to be forming groups of women that take on individual challenges, such as applying for a number of opportunities that we feel are slightly out of our reach. We need to be learning together to improve our self-advocacy skills, running workshops or programs in which we learn to negotiate for better pay, benefits, and opportunities. We need to be working together to change individually, holding each other accountable to ?lean in? more and supporting each other in doing so.

I submitted that fellowship application. While I didn?t win, my proposal opened doors for me: A professor of mine thinks my ideas are strong and wants us to write an article together.

More important, after thanking my classmate Caroline for pushing me in my moment of despair, we decided to re-launch the student group ?Women in Design? at Harvard. After our first meeting, group member Arielle Assouline-Lichten proposed the petition for architect Denise Scott Brown. A few weeks and thousands of signatures later, the conversation on women and the nature of credit and collaboration in design is starting to change.

OPINION: Why smart women still don't make it up the career ladder

It is these everyday decisions that add up to larger profession-wide realities. If we women push ourselves to ?lean in? more, working on external and internal fronts, we have the opportunity to bring closer a future where talented women in design don?t get passed over. And we are working toward ensuring Denise Scott Brown?s cause becomes a symbol for a new era of equal leadership ? an era whose time has certainly come.

Mia Scharphie is a master of landscape architecture candidate at Harvard University where she specializes in design as a catalyst of social and environmental change. She helped to relaunch Harvard's student group Women in Design this spring and is a member of the Women's Founders Forum run out of the Harvard Business School.

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Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blueprint-women-architects-overcome-doubt-discrimination-172800229.html

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On a dying planet.

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Car terms and definitions | Digital Trends

Around here, we throw around car tech jargon faster than a Lamborghini Aventador can sprint from 0-60 mph (that?s 2.6 seconds in case you?re wondering). But we know not all of you out there are hardened gearheads and grease monkeys. So in order to get you up to speed, we?ve come up with this handy glossary of common and not so?common?car tech terms.

Grab your keys, slap on your riding gloves and goggles and get ready to leave all that confusion firmly in your rearview.

4WD

Abbreviation for Four-Wheel Drive.

ABS

Anti-locking braking system (ABS) is an automated safety system that helps a car?s wheels continue to rotate during heavy braking, thus preventing a driver from losing control of their vehicle because of uncontrollable wheel skidding.

ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control)

Adaptive Cruise Control is a form of cruise control that automatically (without any driver input) brakes and accelerates to match the flow of traffic. Some ACC systems can even come to a complete stop and accelerate from a standstill.

All-Wheel Steering

A car equipped with All-Wheel Steering means that the rear wheels can turn in the direction of the front wheels, which typically improves handling dynamics. Acura?s new RLX flagship sedan features a proprietary Precision All-Wheel Steering system that takes this concept further by allowing the wheels to point inward to help improve braking.

Automatic

Type of transmission that automatically changes gears instead of making the driver shift through them manually.

Autonomous vehicles

Autonomous vehicles refer to vehicles that can operate without any input from drivers whatsoever. This generally means that a car can turn, accelerate, and brake without the need of a driver at the wheel.

AWD

Abbreviation for All-Wheel-Drive, which differs from Four-Wheel Drive in that AWD is ?on? all the time. Some 4WD systems can be shut off when not needed, putting the vehicle in two-wheel drive.

Axle

Shafts located underneath the car that support the wheels.

Bespoke

Bespoke is a term borrowed from the world of fashion that essentially denotes a vehicle (often luxury) with a great deal of customization and/or driver personalization.

Blind spot monitoring

Blind spot monitoring is a technology that scans a vehicles blind spot for objects (usually cars). If detected, a warning ? typically in the form of a visual cue on the vehicle?s door pillar ? lights up. Some vehicles even provide audible warnings if a turn signal is activated when another car is present in a blindspot.

Bluetooth

Bluetooth is a radio system with the ability to transmit data over short distances, usually a maximum of 30 feet or so. In a car, a Bluetooth connection is typically in the form of wireless music streaming and hands-free phone usage.

Cabin

Cabin refers to the interior space of a car.

CAFE (also known as the ?CAFE standard?)

Abbreviation for Corporate Average Fuel Economy, an agreement between the United States government and automakers to increase fuel economy in their vehicles to 54.5 miles per gallon for cars and light-duty trucks by the year 2025.

Clutch

A device that disconnects the engine from the transmission, which allows the car to change gears and then reconnect again once the gear change has been made.

Cold air intake

An air pathway near the engine designed to allow more cool air into a car?s engine. More gas can mix with cool air than with warm air, thereby increasing engine?performance.

Convertible

A convertible is any car that can?convert?from an enclosed roof (covered top) to an open-air design. Convertibles come in two forms: soft and hard tops. See ?ragtop.?

Crossover

Crossovers vehicles are typically based on the underpinnings (platform) of a car but also incorporate features of an SUV.

CVT

Abbreviation for Continuously Variable Transmission. This type of transmission does not have ?gears? like a manual or automatic. It functions in manner similar to a small motorscooter. Read more here.

Dashboard

The area located above and behind a steering wheel that typically houses the instrument cluster and other on-board electronics.

DFI (Direct Fuel Injection)

The process whereby fuel is ?directly injected? into the combustion chamber of an engine instead of being allowed to mix with air before reaching an engine?s intake valve passage (see EFI).

Differential

A set of gears that allows a car?s wheels to rotate at different speeds, which is extremely important when turning as the outermost wheel needs to turn farther and faster than the innermost wheel.

Displacement

Displacement refers to the volume of an engine?s cylinders and the total air displaced by the pistons inside those cylinders. Displacement is generally defines how powerful an engine is and is typically measured in cubic centimeters/liters, and cubic inches. Example: A ?2.8 liter engine? displaces 2.8 cubic liters (or 2,800 cubic centimeters, or ?2,800cc?) of air in one complete combustion cycle. Many American-made cars measure displacement in cubic inches.

Donut

A donut refers to the small spare tire typically found in the trunk of a car. (Not for eating).

DOT

Abbreviation for the United States Department of?Transportation.

EPA

Abbreviation for the United States government?s Environmental Protection Agency.

ESC

Short for Electronic Stability Control, ESC monitors a car?s traction and provides various counter-measures ? like braking and even reducing engine power ? to help regain vehicle stability during strenuous driving conditions.

EV

Abbreviation for Electric Vehicle.

Fascia

Modern use of the term fascia denotes the look and detail of a car?s front-end, however, use of the term to also describe a car?s read-end is becoming more widespread.

FWD

Abbreviation for Front-Wheel Drive.

GPS

An abbreviation for Global Positioning System, which is based on a network of?satellites in orbit around the earth. The signals from the satellites can be used to pinpoint a location on Earth with very high accuracy?. GPS is commonly used in a car?s navigation system and in cell phones mapping apps.

HP

Abbreviation for horsepower, HP refers to the amount of power needed to lift 550 pounds one foot in one second. Horsepower is often used when calculating how fast or powerful a vehicle is but other factors like vehicle weight and aerodynamics also play a role.

Hybrid

A hybrid is any vehicle that employs more than one source of power to move the vehicle. An overwhelming amount of hybrids on the road today employ a gasoline engine and an electric motor.

ICE

ICE serves as an abbreviation for internal combustion engine, which is the basis for the vast majority of automobiles on the road today.

Infotainment

Portmanteau of information and entertainment, in the automotive world, infotainment typically refers to a car?s navigation and stereo interface. They often employ touchscreens and have limited smartphone app integration as well as social media content such as Twitter and Facebook.

Instrument Cluster

The area behind the steering wheel, often featuring a tachometer and speedometer.

Key Fob

In the automotive world, a key fob is a small decorative item, often sporting an automaker?s logo, that can lock, unlock, open the trunk and sometimes start a vehicles engine.

Keyless entry

Keyless entry denotes a car that can be unlocked without physically inserting a key to unlock the doors. Typically, you must have the key fob on?your?person for the system to work.

KERS

Short for kinetic energy recovery system, KERS gathers (recovers) energy created during braking and stores it for use during acceleration. The technology has yet to make it into production vehicles but can be found in Formula One cars.

Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS)

Lane departure systems are a form of onboard safety tech and warn the driver through cameras and onboard sensors whether or not it?s drifting out of marked lanes. Typically, LDWS involve some type of audio-visual warning for the driver.

LB-FT

Abbreviation for pound-foot, which is a measurement of torque, or the twisting force an engine can create.?

LCD Display

A liquid crystal display (LCD display) is a flat panel screen often used to display a car?s navigation and entertainment system. Generally, LCD displays contain tiny liquid crystal material between two pieces of polarized glass.

LED

Short for light emitting diode, LEDs have slowly begun replacing incandescent bulbs largely because of their aesthetic value, long life and high energy efficiency.

Level 1

Level 1 refers to electric vehicle charging stations and standard household outlets that deliver 120 volts of AC to an EV?s on-board battery.

Level 2

Level 2 chargers refer to public and private charging stations that deliver 240 volts worth of AC to an electric vehicle?s on-board battery.

Li-ion battery

An abbreviation for lithium-ion battery, a type of rechargeable battery used to power electric cars and hybrids.

Limited Slip Differential

Cars with limited slip differentials can send rotational power to both wheels when one is raised off the ground or experiencing slippage. Standard or ?open? differentials cannot perform this task, so if one wheel is raised off the ground it will spin while the wheel in contact with the ground will remain stationary.

Manual

A type of transmission that requires drivers to shift manually from gear to gear. Can also refer to the owners guide that comes with a new car.

MPG

The amount (in miles) a vehicle can travel per gallon of gasoline used while an engine is running.

MPGe

Short for miles per gallon equivalent, MPGe describes the energy efficiency of an EV and plug-in hybrid. The standard conversion used by the EPA is 115,000 British thermal units (BTU) per U.S. gallon of gas, which is equal to 33.7 kilowatt-hours of electricity. Essentially, it refers to how far the car could go on a gallon of gas if that was the fuel being used.

Nav System

Abbreviation for navigation systems (also referred to as a GPS systems).

NHTSA

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the NHTSA is tasked with writing and enforcing federal motor vehicle safety standards.

OBD II

Short for on-board diagnostics, OBD II is an industry-standard port found in modern vehicles that once used to connect diagnostic equipment, vehicle data and diagnostic trouble codes through a car?s on-board computer. When you take your vehicle to the DEQ, they plug their computer into the ODB II port. App makers are also making use of this port to inform drivers about what their car is doing.

Open XC

Open XC is the architecture Ford uses to let apps ?talk? to a car?s onboard systems.

Oversteer

Driving characteristic where a car turns more sharply than intended, possibly causing the car to spin out of control. Oversteer is commonly associated with rear-wheel drive cars.

Push button Ignition

Push button ignition (also referred to as push button start) is any system that allows you to start a car by pressing a button instead of physically inserting and turning a key in the ignition.

Ragtop

Ragtop refers to convertibles that use a soft top instead of a hard top for its roof. See convertible.

Regenerative braking

Braking system typically employed in hybrids and battery electric vehicles that captures energy created during braking and transfers it to the onboard battery.

Remote Start

Remote start refers to any car that can be started without physically being inside the car and using a key to turn the ignition.

RWD

Abbreviation for rear-wheel-drive.

Semi-autonomous vehicles

Semi?autonomous typically refers to vehicles that largely operate on their own and without normal levels of driver input, they include automated features like adaptive cruise control or lane keeping technology.

SH-AWD

Abbreviation for Super-Handling All-Wheel-Drive, a proprietary system developed by Honda and used in various Acura vehicles like the TL, MDX, and upcoming Acura NSX.

SmartKey

A smart key is any car key that can lock, unlock, and sometimes start a car?s engine remotely.

Spark Plug

Like its name suggest, a spark plug is a small device used to deliver an electrical spark to the combustion chamber of an engine.

Speedo

Short for speedometer which is a meter or gauge used to measure how fast your vehicle is traveling. Most speedometers are measured in miles per hour and kilometers per hour.

Start-stop

Any car equipped with a start-stop system has the ability to automatically shut down its engine when idling and start back up again when the driver takes their foot off the brake. It is often a feature in hybrids and is designed to help increase fuel economy.

SUV

Short for Sport Utility Vehicle.

Supercharger

An air compressor designed to further increase pressure, temperature, and density of air supplied to a car?s engine. Higher air pressure in an engine, along with matching?increased?fuel flow can greatly increase engine performance.

Tachometer

Tachometers are typically placed in a car?s instrument cluster and measure RPMs (revolutions per minute), which is the number of times an engine?s central crankshaft rotates.

Touchscreen

Similar to what you?d find on a smartphone, a touchscreen is any interactive screen that provides some sort of tactile feedback when pressed. Touchscreens in automobiles are typically used for in-car entertainment and navigation systems.

Torque

Torque is the pulling power of a vehicle, which is often crucial for trucks hauling heavy loads. It?s the twisting force created inside an engine by all those rotating parts. Generally, cars with higher levels of torque also accelerate faster, which is why sports cars typically have greater torque levels. Torque is measured in pound-feet (lb-ft).

Transfer Case

Often found in both four-wheel-drive and all-wheel-drive vehicles, a transfer case receives power from the transmission and sends it to both the front and rear axles.

Transmission

A car?s transmission ?transfers? power from the engine or motor to a drive mechanism, often a live axle, through a series of gears and clutch.

Turbocharging

Method of increasing air pressure, temperature, and density of air delivered to an engine (also known as ?forced induction?). A turbocharger is powered by a car?s exhaust or sometimes by?electricity.

Understeer

Driving characteristic where a car?doesn?t?turn enough (understeers) while driving, typically at high speeds. Understeer is commonly associated with front-wheel drive cars

V6

A V-type engine consisting of two banks of three cylinders.

V8

A V-type engine consisting of two banks of four cylinders, often found in trucks, luxury, and sports cars.

V10

A V10 is an engine with 10 cylinders arranged in two rows of five; some examples include the Audi R8, Lamborghini Sesto Elemento, and the Dodge Viper.

V12

A V12 is any engine consisting of 12 cylinders arranged in two rows of six cylinders. V12s are largely uncommon and typically found in flagship sedans (BMW 7 Series, Audi A8, Mercedes-Benz S Class) and outlandish exotics like the Enzo, Pagani Zonga, and McLaren (you know, back when McLaren wasn?t getting carried away with letters and numbers).

V16

A V16 engine is any engine with 16 cylinders arranged in the shape of a ?V? with two banks consisting of eight cylinders each. Modern V16s are rare and have typically been restricted to concept cars and limited run vehicles from smaller boutique manufacturers.

Wheelbase

Wheelbase is simply the distance between the centers of both the front and rear wheels.

WI-FI

Cars with built-in Wi-Fi allow a specific number of devices to be connected to the network and for data to be transmitted and received wirelessly to those devices.

Source: http://www.digitaltrends.com/cars/auto-tech-glossary/

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Saarbrücken computer scientists' anti-spyware app crosses 1 million downloads

Public release date: 30-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Gordon Bolduan
gbolduan@mmci.uni-saarland.de
49-681-302-70741
Saarland University

Moreover, it depicts precisely which apps are suspicious and which ones are not anymore. This new professional version can be downloaded on platforms like "Google Play Store" and soon on "Samsung Apps".

"We considered such an app necessary. But we all were surprised by its actual success", explains Michael Backes, professor for Information Security and Cryptography at Saarland University and scientific director at the Center for IT-Security, Privacy and Accountability (CISPA). Last July, his spin-off Backes SRT provided the app as a free download. With "SRT Appguard" users can supervise apps they have already installed on the operating system Android and control their access permissions on resources like contact information and internet connection at any time. They do not have to be root to do this. "That is exactly what has not been possible with Android apps so far", declares Backes.

The facilities of SRT Appguard quickly attracted a lot of users. The download rate at the software registers of the German IT-portals "heise.de" and "chip.de" increased continually. In just six months 91,536 users downloaded the mini program and pushed it to 11th place in the category "Top 100 most popular apps in 2012". "If we add the balance of chip.de to the download numbers of our corporation website, we can see, that SRT Appguard has been downloaded over a million times by now", says Backes. In the meantime, the counter on chip.de stood at 178,272 and 93 percent of the users gave the app a thumbs up. The app was also available on the DVD that was included in around 230,000 copies of this year's January issue of the magazine.

Now, the new corporation offers a commercial version of the app. Since the beginning of April, "SRT Appguard Pro" can be found on the web portal "Google Play" for 3,99 Euros. Soon, the computer scientists in Saarbrcken will offer their app for the same price at "Samsung Apps". The South Korean company has invited Backes SRT to do so. One of the major assets of the commercial version over the free version is its improvement regarding ease-of-use, and the ability to support updates of monitored apps. A "risk score" graphically presents the danger of the current right-configuration for each app. "On this way we make it easier for the users to assess the potential danger on their smartphones and tablet PCs", explains Philipp von Styp-Rekowsky, chief technical officer of Backes SRT and doctoral candidate at Professor Backes' department.

He is assured that the importance of this will increase in the future. Furthermore, the app runs significantly faster and works on every Android version starting from version 2.3. The updating process of the installed apps also works. Within the first version, this wasn't possible.

Technical background

In contrast to the first version of SRT Appguard, the application does not access the code of the supervised app anymore. A special program library is reloaded instead. If this app is executed on the so-called Dalvik Virtual Machine, Appguard controls the calls of functions that are relevant to security, like Internet connection setup or the read-out of the address book.

Saarland University as computer science location and founder college

Since January, Saarland University is an "EXIST founder university". In a competition of the Federal Ministry of Economy and Technology (BMWi), Saarland University was recognized as one of the three best founder academies in Germany. Numerous computer science research institutes on campus enable this. Besides the computer science faculty, these are the Max Planck Institute of Computer Science, the Max Planck Institute for Software Systems, the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), the Center for IT-Security, Privacy and Accountability (CISPA), the Center for Bioinformatics, the Intel Visual Computing Institute and Cluster of Excellence "Multimodal Computing and Interaction".

###

Further information:

Website for Appguard: http://www.srt-appguard.com/de/

Press pictures: http://www.uni-saarland.de/pressefotos

For further information please contact:

Professor Dr. Michael Backes
Chair, CISPA
Phone: +49 681 302-3259
E-Mail: backes@cispa.uni-saarland.de

Editing:

Gordon Bolduan
Science Communication, CISPA
E-Mail: bolduan@mmci.uni-saarland.de

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 30-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Gordon Bolduan
gbolduan@mmci.uni-saarland.de
49-681-302-70741
Saarland University

Moreover, it depicts precisely which apps are suspicious and which ones are not anymore. This new professional version can be downloaded on platforms like "Google Play Store" and soon on "Samsung Apps".

"We considered such an app necessary. But we all were surprised by its actual success", explains Michael Backes, professor for Information Security and Cryptography at Saarland University and scientific director at the Center for IT-Security, Privacy and Accountability (CISPA). Last July, his spin-off Backes SRT provided the app as a free download. With "SRT Appguard" users can supervise apps they have already installed on the operating system Android and control their access permissions on resources like contact information and internet connection at any time. They do not have to be root to do this. "That is exactly what has not been possible with Android apps so far", declares Backes.

The facilities of SRT Appguard quickly attracted a lot of users. The download rate at the software registers of the German IT-portals "heise.de" and "chip.de" increased continually. In just six months 91,536 users downloaded the mini program and pushed it to 11th place in the category "Top 100 most popular apps in 2012". "If we add the balance of chip.de to the download numbers of our corporation website, we can see, that SRT Appguard has been downloaded over a million times by now", says Backes. In the meantime, the counter on chip.de stood at 178,272 and 93 percent of the users gave the app a thumbs up. The app was also available on the DVD that was included in around 230,000 copies of this year's January issue of the magazine.

Now, the new corporation offers a commercial version of the app. Since the beginning of April, "SRT Appguard Pro" can be found on the web portal "Google Play" for 3,99 Euros. Soon, the computer scientists in Saarbrcken will offer their app for the same price at "Samsung Apps". The South Korean company has invited Backes SRT to do so. One of the major assets of the commercial version over the free version is its improvement regarding ease-of-use, and the ability to support updates of monitored apps. A "risk score" graphically presents the danger of the current right-configuration for each app. "On this way we make it easier for the users to assess the potential danger on their smartphones and tablet PCs", explains Philipp von Styp-Rekowsky, chief technical officer of Backes SRT and doctoral candidate at Professor Backes' department.

He is assured that the importance of this will increase in the future. Furthermore, the app runs significantly faster and works on every Android version starting from version 2.3. The updating process of the installed apps also works. Within the first version, this wasn't possible.

Technical background

In contrast to the first version of SRT Appguard, the application does not access the code of the supervised app anymore. A special program library is reloaded instead. If this app is executed on the so-called Dalvik Virtual Machine, Appguard controls the calls of functions that are relevant to security, like Internet connection setup or the read-out of the address book.

Saarland University as computer science location and founder college

Since January, Saarland University is an "EXIST founder university". In a competition of the Federal Ministry of Economy and Technology (BMWi), Saarland University was recognized as one of the three best founder academies in Germany. Numerous computer science research institutes on campus enable this. Besides the computer science faculty, these are the Max Planck Institute of Computer Science, the Max Planck Institute for Software Systems, the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), the Center for IT-Security, Privacy and Accountability (CISPA), the Center for Bioinformatics, the Intel Visual Computing Institute and Cluster of Excellence "Multimodal Computing and Interaction".

###

Further information:

Website for Appguard: http://www.srt-appguard.com/de/

Press pictures: http://www.uni-saarland.de/pressefotos

For further information please contact:

Professor Dr. Michael Backes
Chair, CISPA
Phone: +49 681 302-3259
E-Mail: backes@cispa.uni-saarland.de

Editing:

Gordon Bolduan
Science Communication, CISPA
E-Mail: bolduan@mmci.uni-saarland.de

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/su-sc043013.php

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Qualcomm steps up chip branding campaign, plans TV ad

By Noel Randewich

SANTA CLARA, California (Reuters) - Qualcomm Inc is stepping up its Snapdragon chip branding campaign, including a commercial for movie theaters and television, in a bid to build customer loyalty in an increasingly competitive smartphone industry.

Chief Marketing Officer Anand Chandrasekher showed analysts a commercial playing in US theaters and said it would also be rolled out in other countries, including China. Qualcomm plans to air it on national TV within the next couple of months.

"We're trying to build an emotional bond with our customers," Chandrasekher said.

San Diego-based Qualcomm is benefiting from strong demand for mobile devices and a shift by network operators worldwide to a high-speed wireless technology known as long-term evolution (LTE), where the chipmaker is ahead of rivals. Its Snapdragon processors are widely used as the brain in tablets and smartphones.

But last week Qualcomm forecast earnings below expectations as competition in smartphones intensifies and shifts toward Asia.

Since the 1990s, Qualcomm has been a major player in the mobile chip industry but like most electronics component makers, branding has been a low priority during most of that time.

As a rule, it's seen as a good idea to add extra branding to products like smartphones only when the additional brand strongly conveys a quality that the handset maker's own brand lacks, industry experts say.

Intel's "Intel Inside" ad campaign has been a notable exception and the top chipmaker has extended it from personal computers to the handful of smartphones in Europe, Asia and Africa made with its processors.

"It's not our intention to compete with our customers' or partners' brands. ... Our brand should be accretive to big brands, not dilutive," Chandrasekher said.

Last year, Qualcomm began to step up its branding efforts, targeting its ads at technology enthusiasts through social media and other online efforts.

(Reporting By Noel Randewich; editing by Sofina Mirza-Reid)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/qualcomm-steps-chip-branding-campaign-plans-tv-ad-190540971.html

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